Philosophical and Theoretical Analysis of “Terrorism and the Politics of Fear” by David L. Altheide The WritePass Journal

Philosophical and Theoretical Analysis of â€Å"Terrorism and the Politics of Fear† by David L. Altheide Philosophical and Theoretical Analysis of â€Å"Terrorism and the Politics of Fear† by David L. Altheide (an) Identify the philosophical or hypothetical point of view basic the examination. The occasions of September eleventh 2001 made psychological warfare become fundamental to the social scene of the contemporary world. It was not just fear based oppression in itself that turned into a significant issue, yet additionally the changing way of talking and thoughts including psychological warfare around the world. In his substance examination of US papers, Altheide concentrated on the progressing exchange describing psychological warfare as something to be dreaded by the American individuals. The primary theory is summed up by Altheide as follows:  â€Å"The terms wrongdoing, casualty and dread are gotten together with news reports about psychological warfare to develop open talk that reflects emblematic connections about request, risk, and danger that might be abused by political choice makers.† (Altheide 2006: pp. 416). The derivation here is that the three terms within reach speak to genuinely negative social ideas which are natural to the US crowd on the loose. Altheide places that connecting these ideas with psychological warfare was politically gainful for an administration who were attempting to legitimize a ‘war on terror’ in the Middle East in that it characterized the possibility of fear based oppression in extremely prompt, negative terms. Considering social realignment and redefinition of essential ideas along these lines is a very subjectivist method of study (Benton Craib 2001). The possibility that social ideas like psychological warfare are inherently abstract and relative can be followed back to the underlying foundations of emotional sociological investigation: Durkheim placed that such ideas are characterized and re-imagined by their relationship to different ideas and ought to be contemplated and seen as far as these connections (1982 [1895]). The point of this method of near examination is that emotional realities could be concentrated in contrast with one another instead of in contrast with the predisposition of the analyst, this seemingly takes into account a target logical investigation of exceptionally abstract social ideas (Collins 1975). Such a methodology is apparent in Altheide’s investigation of the social idea of fear. The current ideas are concentrated with regards to their introduction by the broad communications so as to arrive at a resolution in regards to the manner by which the press demonstration to assemble assent for interventionist political closures. This end makes correlations with Herman and Chomsky’s (1988) purposeful publicity method of political economy practically unavoidable. The early Marxian model of administering classes and managing thoughts in the German belief system (1932) is likewise applicable to the end. Both of these models see particular elites abstractly reclassifying ideas and introducing them as commonplace and target facts to be acknowledged by the majority in a model of elitist social constructionism (Berger Luckman 1967).  This abstract, constructionist point of view is by all accounts particularly the hypothetical premise of Alheide’s fill in as confirm beneath. (b) Show how the philosophical or hypothetical viewpoint advises the examination structure and ends. Altheide states his procedure as a subjective substance examination of media inclusion of psychological oppression: He endeavors to follow and arrange the talk around it corresponding to the words dread, wrongdoing and casualty, and how they are â€Å"joined with news reports about fear based oppression to build open talk which reflects emblematic connections about request, risk, and danger that might be abused by political choice makers.† (Altheide 2006, pp. 422). This delineates the basic connection between Durkheim’s (1982) arranged emotional ideas and the terms being subjectively surveyed. It additionally shows the constructionist perspective on the quest for ‘political choice makers’ taken by Altheide.â Further to this Altheide recognizes the dynamic idea of the abstract ideas he handles by choosing to think about the newspapers’ talk in the eighteen months going before September eleventh to the talk in the year and a half promptly tailing it so as to follow the adjustment with regards to psychological warfare as an idea. Social constructionism holds that society is assembled, characterized, reconstructed and re-imagined to a more prominent or lesser degree by the entirety of the on-screen characters and offices which comprise it dependent on definition and circumstance of concepts.â Recently increasingly more thought has been given to the ground-breaking elites in the public arena and their moderately more prominent commitment to these ideas and how they work in the public arena, legislative issues and the media are two such elites (Wanda 2003). In Altheide’s case the examination drives him to infer that American culture has been reclassified as a gathering of casualties for a huge scope. Further to this he sets this new definition prompts expanded dependence on American organizations and diminished analysis of them. The inevitable impact of this is security foundations can violate past limits and legitimize the sort of crucial that would have been inadmissible before 9/11. This end peruses sufficiently with Herman and Chomsky’s (1988) model of media based political economy. The way that the emphasis is on the newspapers’ treatment of the issues as opposed to the talk of the legislators themselves demonstrates that the just as the end research is educated by Herman and Chomsky’s model as opposed to an all the more straightforwardly government-centered thought which may have had progressively prompt however less sharp outcomes. Chomsky has just applied this explanatory situation to the setting of 9/11 but freely (Chomsky 2001) he closes also to Altheide: â€Å"In short, the wrongdoing is a blessing to the hard jingoist right, the individuals who would like to utilize power to control their domains†. In other content he has called for and bolstered crafted by others in applying his and Herman’s model to this specific situation (for example Herring and Robinson 2003), regardless of whether Altheide paid attention to this bring in structuring his examination or whether it was a fortuitous situation is obscure. What is known is that the ends support Chomsky’s prior perusing, yet how much is the exploration hypothetically compelling? This is considered beneath. (c) Critically survey the sufficiency of the exploration as far as its philosophical or hypothetical viewpoint.  The determination of subjective substance investigation over quantitative techniques is a conspicuous decision for a scientist looking to abstractly break down an idea as far as how it identifies with different thoughts, this is on the grounds that by its temperament subjective substance examination thinks about the setting of words in a book (Krippendorf 2004 Ch2: Conceptual Foundation). This exploration strategy is intrinsically relative and abstract; by differentiate it would be extremely testing to develop an essentialist subjective substance examination. On the off chance that psychological warfare is to be considered from an abstract perspective, following the talk identifying with it similarly when a significant conclusive fear based oppressor occasion permits strong understanding into the changing meaning of the idea. The speculation that the meaning of the current ideas has changed must be demonstrated through a near, long haul investigation recognizing the concept’s connection to different thoughts. Similarly as examination of two media sources will uncover contrasts in their taking care of and meaning of a subject, so correlation of double cross periods will uncover changes in definition and treatment of subjects after some time (Riffe et al. 2008). Similar papers and magazines were utilized all through, a fundamental advance which guarantees agent consistency for the duration of the timeframe being referred to permitting solidly put together remark with respect to the adjustments in approach. The choice of these papers and magazines to give an authoritative, delegate cross segment of the US press is imperative to Altheide’s hypothetical position and is recognized as such in the examination philosophy (pp. 422). Altheide’s theory that press and media elites were building ‘rhetorics of fear’ for the American open all in all requires thought of an agent segment of the media being referred to peruse by a delegate segment of the American open, to accomplish this a scope of enormous scope sources with huge readerships were the focal point of the exploration. This guarantees the sources being referred to have the engaging force which Herman and Chomsky saw as key to their job in the political economy (1988), just as giving a numerically delegate crowd. The pursuit strategies and conventions utilized by Altheide depend on the words dread, casualty, wrongdoing and psychological oppression. These words are not just scanned for regarding their event in seclusion, rather articles with these words â€Å"in different connections or inside a few expressions of each-other† (pp. 422) were chosen and examined in setting with specific regard for the connections themselves. This is significant from the hypothetical angle of sociological subjectivism and constructionism as it gives a socially characterized setting to the idea of psychological oppression as far as pertinence to other social ideas. The distinguishing proof of the significant papers as definers, their enormous crowds as beneficiaries and the legislators as profiteers gives an exceptionally strong premise to Altheide to make a record of the socially built political economy being thought of. Questions have been raised about the constraints of subjective request where emotional definitions are concerned (Krippendorf 2004), anyway these stay unanswered. In spite of the fact that not great, Altheide’s work is an agent and levelheaded case of emotional, constructionist investigation into media legislative issues. (d) Offer an elective translation of the examination discoveries and additionally an

Write a Book About Your Business to Boost Your Sales and Awareness

Compose a Book About Your Business to Boost Your Sales and Awareness Compose a Book About Your Business to Boost Your Sales and Awareness So you have a business that you are somewhat pleased with. That’s awesome! What's more, what might make things far better would compose a book about your business.Why not? All things considered, you have just made a crucial business, and helping other people would approve your exchange and enhance it also. A distributed book is uninvolved income.In expansion to turning into a writer, you would advertise your business through an alternate setting. We’re talking win-win here!Heres what well show you how to compose a book about your business:Brainstorm Your Book ContentConsiderations for Writing a Book About Your BusinessChoosing a Title for Your BookWrite Your book Get Feedback From FriendsFinish Fast and ImperfectlyCreate organizers for imagesChoose a distributing platformNOTE: If youre prepared to develop your business by composing a book (like Chandler Bolt did with this very organization), we have all that you need in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Get familiar with it hereWhy Write a Book About Your Business?This is an undeniable inquiry. You previously maintain your business consistently, what great could emerge out of composing a book about it?Here are a few advantages of composing a book about your business:You gain authorityYou arrive at new potential customersYou gain open doors for speaking engagementsYou can catch more leads by utilizing your bookYou gain validity to both possible clients and others in your fieldThis very blog is based on the rear of a site that was begun with a book. Chandler Bolt distributed his first top of the line book at 19 years old and since, has constructed a 8-figure business from the procedure while utilizing his most recent book Published. to make it more successful.Brainstorm Your Business Books ContentYou have just encountered the bit by bit procedure of setting up your own occupation whether it is full time or a sideline. Presently you should simply disclose what you did to become your business.One techn ique is to imagine you are prompting a dear companion what steps to take.Here are a few different ways to concoct your book idea:Brainstorm an irregular rundown of all that you did when you began your business.Don’t stop currently; continue conceptualizing! Rundown all that you need to remember for the bookand even things that won’t go in the book. In the event that it enters your thoughts, record it. Very much put the entirety of that into a book plot later.Take a break. Leave the PC! Eat, drink, walk, or talk.Break’s over. You’ve got a book to write!List the procedure of how you made and developed your business in sequential request. This rundown is your reference point for a casual diagram and table of contents.Prioritize. What are the top subjects that you need to underscore in your book? What do you wish you would have known when first beginning your business? In particular, what will your perusers gain from finding out about your business? Let them gain from your mix-ups and share in your successes.Make every subject a different section regardless of whether it is truly short.People like succinct data, so keep your passages short. Consolidate visual cues that shoot directly to the center issue for simpler skimming.Look through old PC documents and photos to help you to remember things that you may have overlooked associated straightforwardly or in a roundabout way with your business.Check your rundowns more than twice. Did you make sure to incorporate everything that matters?Once youve got the significance of what content your book will be, youll be prepared for the following stage in your business-to-book composing process.What to Consider When Writing a Book About Your BusinessThere are a couple of things youll need to consider when composing your book about your business.Here are some diminishes to consider before composing your book.#1 Do I need photos in my book?Depending on your business, you may think that its advantage ous to include pictures in your book for clarification purposes or something similarly as relevant.For model, in my book Rockin Crystals: How Healing Crystals Can Rock Your Life, I utilized pictures in various zones as should be obvious below.Advantages of utilizing pictures in your book:Color pictures include, um, shading, and individuals like color.Photos pull in intrigue and authority.Pictures clarify in manners that words need (except if you utilize 1,000 words for every image, as per the cliche).Cell telephones and their applications make it simple to take and alter pictures.Disadvantages of utilizing pictures in your book:They add to your book’s creation costs.The electronic form may take somewhat longer to download (yet I have never had an issue with that).If you have a sound rendition of your book, the photos would not be remembered for the content.Ultimately, its up to you to choose whether or not to incorporate pictures. In the event that it adds to the general unde rstanding, we suggest it.However, if pictures might be an interruption and not helpful, skip them.#2 How long do I need this book to be, anyway?Does it matter, or do I simply compose until I am done?This is an inquiry numerous writers have routinely. What number of words are in a novel?For composing a book about your business, we suggest you compose between 20,000 50,000 words.This is on the grounds that any shorter, and it wont give your perusers all the data they need and in excess of 50,000 words and you risk exhausting your perusers or giving them an excessive amount of information.This is otherwise called overwriting, which can be cut during altering yet you need to ensure your book is a perfect, brief, and supportive as possible.#3 Do I need various arrangements of a book?Publishing your book in various configurations can assist you with contacting a more extensive crowd. In any case, that additionally implies you need to choose if you need to seek after various formats.Here a re the diverse book designs you can publish:Publish an ebookPaperback bookHardcoverAudiobooksEach of these book varieties accompanies its own upsides and downsides. For instance, on the off chance that you decide to convey a book recording, youll need to figure out how to make a book recording in the first place.Publishing digital books likewise accompanies its own arrangement of rules to follow.Ultimately, its prescribed to distribute an adaptation of each so as to amplify your crowd, yet do what works best for you.Choosing a Title for Your BookPeople like knowing different people’s business. Call them inquisitive, call them snoopy, simply call to them to purchase your book to find out about your business. Show them your secrets.Here are some general tips for naming a book from the Self-Publishing School Youtube Channel. In the event that you need some extra tips for picking a book title, heres what worked for me:A book about a business is a specialty showcase, so ensure tha t your title makes the point understood. For instance, The Craft Fair Vendor Guidebook tells the peruser that the book is a guide about being a specialty reasonable seller. The caption, Ideas to Inspire, adds another component to the reader’s desires. The cover’s photo shows a stall with handmade gems, another clue.In your book’s depiction, obviously clarify what type(s) of business you will cover. Individuals like to comprehend what's in store and may feel deceived if the book’s portrayal isn’t sufficiently thorough. A proposal is to compose your book’s portrayal before composing the book. It’s like a â€Å"thesis paragraph† to keep yourself centered. You can continue reexamining the review to fit the book as it creates. Likewise, that gives you more opportunity to choose if the depiction is its closest to perfect before transferring it onto your distributing site.Spell out instances of how your strategic approaches can be app lied to different endeavors. The more hybrid applications, the more sorts of individuals will be keen on your book.Although you need the entirety of the book to be engaging, you need the primary pages to be extra captivating on the grounds that those are the pages that potential perusers will check whether they utilize the â€Å"Look inside† highlight on Amazon.If you scanned for a book about somebody else’s business, what subtleties did you need to learn? Spread these subjects in your book to say the very least extra focuses on the off chance that you utilize an extraordinary interpretation of them.Writing a Book About Your BusinessNow that youve got to the meat of what youre expounding on, you have an unmistakable framework for your book, and you even have a title close by, its opportunity to compose your book.These are my best tips for composing a book about your business so as to get it right.#1 Look over your conceptualizing notesIt consistently pays to have your notes convenient on the off chance that there are things you disregarded that are gainful to include.Heres a couple of things to remember when returning over your notes:Are there any significant snippets of data that didnt make it into the outline?What odds and ends of your notes can make your book more novel than others on the market?Is there anything you believe you need in your book that you didnt remember for the blueprint before?Once youve got those notes, proceed onward to the following step.#2 Get input from friendsTell a companion who doesn’t think a lot about business about your book.Notice the inquiries your companion pose since perusers will in all probability have similar inquiries. These are critical to observe in light of the fact that theyre what youll straightforwardly answer and address in your book.Take those inquiries and make areas in your parts to answer them specifically.#3 Develop a composing time and habitThe most ideal way youll complete your book is to shape a composing schedule that will empower you to complete your book faster.You can set a planned time every day to compose and tell people around you that it is your opportunity to take a shot at your book.These are our top tips for building up a composing habit:Create a composing plan like the one included aboveEliminate interruptions that will keep you from writingFind a composing space that is 100% devoted to composing your bookStick with it for the initial scarcely any prior weeks it structures into a habitFind other people who can keep you accountableForm

Ambedkar and Buddhism free essay sample

He was consequently fervently incredulous of the hypocracies of Brahmanism. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar pronounced his firm purpose to change his religion in 1935 at Nasik area in Maharashtra â€Å"I was brought into the world a Hindu and I had no way out about that. Be that as it may, I won't bite the dust a Hindu†. THE NAGPUR DHAMMA DIKSHA : Ambedkar had been pulled in towards Buddhism since his understudy days. On further investigation, he was persuaded that the ‘untouchables’ could achieve social balance and mental freedom just through the lessons of Buddha. He attempted an itemized investigation of the religion and met various Buddhist researchers. He was extraordinarily impacted by the compositions of P. L. Narasu and other Tamil Buddhists, and furthermore of Mahatma Jotiba Phule, a nineteenth century radical social reformer of Maharashtra. Ambedkar guaranteed that he had three masters the Buddha, Kabir and Jotiba Phule. He ventured out to Ceylon and Burma to see Buddhism being drilled in these nations. We will compose a custom exposition test on Ambedkar and Buddhism or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In the World Buddhist Brotherhood held at Rangoon (Burma) in 1954, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar conveyed a memorable discourse and gave a clarion call: it would be a grave blunder to assume that Buddhism vanished from India without leaving its effect on Indian individuals and their way of life. Dr. Ambedkar had made a careful investigation of all the contemporary world religions for about twenty years, after which he arrived at the resolution that on the off chance that the world must have a religion, at that point it must be the religion of the Buddha. The year 1956 imprints the start of another period for the recovery of Buddhism in the place where there is its source. It was the time of the 2500th Buddha Jayanti and was commended everywhere throughout the Buddhist world. Pandit Nehru, the then Prime Minister of India, depicted this occasion as the â€Å"homecoming of Buddhism†. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar grasped Buddhism alongside in excess of five lakh supporters on the favorable day of Ashoka Vijaya Dashmi (Dasera) on fourteenth October 1956. The most seasoned bhikkhu then in India, Mahasthavira Chandramani of Burma, came to Nagpur for the change function, and started Ambedkar into Buddhism. The world saw this extraordinary occasion as a remarkable wonder of mass change. This authentic occasion recognizes Dr. Ambedkar as the best evangelist of Buddhism in present day times and improves the significance of his musings and understanding of Buddhism. Another immense service was held in Bombay ten days after Ambedkar’s passing in which Andhra Kausalyayana, a Pali researcher and Hindi communicating in Punjabi Brahmana priest, started thousands to Buddhism. Yet, these enormous changes for the most part influenced just low standings, especially the Mahars of Maharashtra, the network of Ambedkar, who had been included for quite a long time in a fight for political, social and strict rights. Their change, in any case, made the authority of ‘Babasaheb’ Ambedkar unchallenged for them. A couple even allude to him as a ‘Second Buddha’ and depict the Nagapur Diksha as another Dharma Chakra Pravartana. THE ‘BIBLE’ OF AMBEDKAR MOVEMENT : The main vehicle for transmitting and deciphering the new confidence of Ambedkar is his book The Buddha and his Dhamma. (Ambedkar, B. R. The Buddha and his Dhamma, Bombay 1974). It was written in English toward an incredible finish, distributed after death, and along these lines converted into Hindi and Marathi. It is a supported history of the Buddha and contains a determination from Buddhist Pali works. In it the occasions of Buddha’s life are described in free-form. Ambedkar’s point was to deliver a ‘Bible’, thus it has been, and keeps on being, for his supporters. For a considerable lot of the individuals who can peruse, it is the main Buddhist content which they have perused, and for a large portion of the individuals who are ignorant, it is the one in particular which they have heard, having been perused so anyone might hear to them. In ‘The Buddha and his Dhamma’, Dr. Ambedkar gave an extraordinary understanding of Buddhism. He had attempted an inside and out investigation and found the genuine lessons of Buddha. He validated his extreme translation by introducing lessons and talks of the Buddha conveyed in different spots. By his profound investigation of Buddhism, Dr. Ambedkar could draw out the first social message of Buddha. He was completely persuaded by and lauded the lessons of the Buddha as the main panacea for the discouraged and enduring masses, Ambedkar was completely persuaded that the essential and perfect arrangement of our current society ought to be based on Buddhism. Ambedkar reviewed that the Buddha had instructed the principal group of sixty educates in the accompanying words, â€Å"go ye forward, priests and meander, for the increase of many, for the government assistance of the many, out of sympathy, for the universes, for the great, for the addition and for the government assistance of divine beings and man. † Dr. Ambedkar needed to stress that Ahimsa and Peace were not by any means the only messages given by Buddha to the mankind. He had additionally laid accentuation on equivalent chance to all, equivalent status for all (people), opportunity of thought and all inclusive fraternity. Dr. Ambedkar decides the realness of the Buddha’s lessons by the accompanying model, â€Å"There is one test which is accessible. On the off chance that there is anything which could be said with certainty, it is: He (the Buddha) was nothing if not balanced, if not intelligent. Anything, along these lines, which is judicious and coherent, taking everything into account, might be taken to be the expression of the Buddha. Interestingly, the Buddha never minded to go into a conversation which was not gainful for man’s government assistance. In this way, anything credited to the Buddha which didn't identify with man’s government assistance can't be acknowledged to be the expression of the Buddha†. (Ambdkar, B. R. , The Buddha and His Dhamma, Bombay, 1974, IV. V. 12. 4). Therefore Dr. Ambedkar enormously underlined on the over two attributes of the Buddha’s lessons, their discernment on one hand, and their social message on the other. Ambedkar depicts Buddha as â€Å"a reformer, loaded with the most sincere good reason and prepared in all the scholarly culture of his time, who had the inventiveness and the boldness to advance intentionally and with an information on restricting perspectives, the precept of a salvation to be found here, in this life, in internal difference in heart to be achieved by the act of self-culture and self-control†. Ambedkar, B. R. , The Buddha and His Dhamma, Bombay, 1974, II. II. 7. 7). Dr. B. R. Ambedkar expressed that Buddha was completely restricted to the Brahmanical conviction of the reliability of the Vedas. For to acknowledge the trustworthiness of the Vedas implied total disavowal of opportunity of thought, to know reality, one needs to appre ciate the opportunity of thought. He additionally dismissed the customs and penances. As indicated by Dr. Ambedkar, Brahmanism engendered evaluated imbalance, as the ‘Chaturvarna’ or the four overlap standing framework, partitioning the general public into Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. The Shudras and ladies were completely denied human rights, similar to one side to training, a definitive methods for accomplishing opportunity. These were the reasons why the Buddha dismissed Brahmanism, where as his Dhamma shows the correct connection among man and man in all circles of life. AMBEDKAR’s POINTS OF DEPARTURE FROM TRADITIONAL BUDDHISM : Ambedkar presented various advancements in customary Buddhism. These deviations or developments may not be viewed as confined wonders. New perspectives on the Buddhist social morals have been communicated in different nations of South and South-East Asia likewise, however clearly in Ambedkar’s Buddhism, the level of disparity from customary precept is a lot more prominent. Accordingly Ambedkar and his perspectives can be viewed as a piece of a bigger wonder of ‘modernisation’ of Buddhism in Asia. 1. The ‘rationalism’ of the Buddha serves mostly, in Ambedkar’s Buddhism, to preclude the presence from claiming God and ‘atman’ while Buddha kept up quietness on these inquiries, Ambedkar was extremely vocal and express on this inquiry. As per Ambedkar there is no God who made from his body the four varnas (instead of Purusha Sukta of Rig Veda), and there is no atman to transmigrate and visit the transgressions of one life upon the following. Ambedkar expounded on Buddha’s first lesson, â€Å"He started by saying that his Dhamma had nothing to do with God and soul. His Dhamma had nothing to do with life after death†. (Ambedkar, B. R. , The Buddha and His Dhamma, Bombay 1974, II. II. 2. 14). In this manner, as indicated by Ambedkar, alongside reasonability and libertarianism, ‘atheism’ is a significant component of Buddhism. . Ambedkar’s dismissal of the presence of atman drove him to the dismissal of ‘belief in Samsara, I. e. , transmigration of the soul’, ‘belief in moksha or salvation of the soul’, and ‘belief in Karma (as) the assurance of man’s position in present life’. (Ambedkar, B. R. , The Buddha and His Dhamma, Bombay 1974, I. V II. 1. 1). 3. Ambedkar deciphered the conventional Buddhist idea of ‘dukkha’ or ‘sorrow and enduring in the world’ as a social wonder. As per Ambedkar, ‘Man’s wretchedness is the consequence of man’s imbalance to man’. (Ambedkar, B. R. , The Buddha and His Dhamma, Bombay 1974, III. V. 2. 16). 4. Ambedkar gives another record of the Mahabhinishkramana (Great Renunciation) of Gautama Siddhartha. As per him the reason for Gautama’s renunciation of his regal life were not the conventional Four sights. Rather, he proposes that the renunciation was the consequence of Gautama’s refusal to help a Sakya military activity against the Koliya clan in a quarrel over wa

Cavalry Essays - Cavalry, Military Animals, Military Tactics

Rangers Medieval Calvary All through time ponies have assumed a significant job in the public eye. Since their first presentation, they have kept on demonstrating that they are a significant resource. The pony satisfied this job durning the medieval times to very nearly a key, in both individual and state affiars. It was in state issues during the medieval times that the Cavalry rose to turn into a significant piece of the fight stratagies of medieval leaders. The unit of decision went from Northren Europes intialy based infantry framework into a to a great extent subordinate cavalary based framework. During the cavalarys downpour as quaterback of the medieval war zone, it didn't experience immaculate, yet took a few difficulties from certian counter messures intended to battle cavalary . In spite of these misfortunes, the cavalary figured out how to maintian it's elevated level of importnace in medieval fight stratgy. The ascent of the calavary in western Europe started for some of a reasons that all occurred around a similar time. One of the most influintial of these occasions was the lose of the Franks to the Romans in 554 A.D. . This lose lead to an expansion in the general size of the normal westren European cavalary . It was at this fight the infantry based Franks confronted an intense destruction because of the Romans. The Romans of that day dissimilar to their rivals had gone to the combat zone with a wide assortment of tatical units available to its. The unit that end up being the best of all despite everything was the cavalary, both that day in 554 A.D. what's more, for some future days in European fighting . These pony and rider tandums of the Romans end up being successful both as overwhelming rangers, and mounted toxophilite agianst the Frankish footmen. It was then after this deafeat during the 6th to ninth century that the quantity of mounted force units per solider in the Frankish m ilitary framework started to increment. Not exclusively were the Europeans at the time taking exercises from the Romans in the benifiets of a solid mounted force, however they were additionally being educated in the beniefits of a decent portable rangers by the Byzantine realm. The Byzantine Strategos (commandants) like the romans utilized the a wide range of aspects of their military yet at the same time utilized the mounted force as it's point of convergence. Dissimilar to the Romans however the Westerners scholarly of the Bzyantine tatics progressively through participation then through fights agianst one another. These seasons of participation came during the primary campaigns, when eastern and western Europe joined thier powers agianst the heathens of the center east and tried to recover the Holy City. In spite of the fact that the Byzantines utilized both their Heavy and Light infantry all through the crusade it was the first of these two styles that was taken up by the Western Europeans. It is this overwhelming rang ers that would later prompt the developmeant of knights, in medieval fighting. In view of the entirety of this, the Europeans at an opportune time utilized their mounted force fundamentally for guarded purposes agianst speedy assaults from Turks, Ukrainians and Vikings. It wasn't until the fall of Constantinople in 1204 on account of Western knights that the western mounted force at last had its place of significance made sure about in Medieval fighting tatics. It was then with this mix of Western European mental fortitude, blended in with Byzantine and Roman military tatics that delivered the ever amazing and long standing mounted force of the medieval times. Despite the fact that the cavalary made incredible a long ways in making sure about its situation of significance in medeival war tatics, it didn't accompany out a lot of issues. Perhaps the most serious issue confronting the medeival cavalary was the toxophilite . A most loved weapon of the English toxophilite, basic for raising this sort of ruckus is the long bow. Utilized agianst the Turks in 1432 the long bow end up being far predominant weapon agianst the contradicting Turkish cavalary as did the short retires from Turks agianst the European Cavalary. In spite of the fact that the long bow had great accomplishment from the outset, progressions were made in European protective layer innovation that extraordinarily decreased its effectivness. By the 1350s protection was beening built up that was 75% compelling in keeping out long bow bolts. Yet, while the armorers were

Expected Value of a Binomial Distribution

Anticipated Value of a Binomial Distribution Binomial appropriations are a significant class of discrete likelihood circulations. These kinds of dispersions are a progression of n autonomous Bernoulli preliminaries, every one of which has a steady likelihood p of achievement. Likewise with any likelihood circulation we might want to comprehend what its mean or focus is. For this we are truly soliciting, â€Å"What is the normal estimation of the binomial distribution?† Instinct versus Evidence In the event that we cautiously consider a binomial conveyance, it isn't hard to confirm that the normal estimation of this sort of likelihood circulation is np. For a couple of fast instances of this, think about the accompanying: On the off chance that we flip 100 coins, and X is the quantity of heads, the normal estimation of X is 50 (1/2)100.If we are stepping through a various decision examination with 20 inquiries and each question has four options (just one of which is right), at that point speculating haphazardly would imply that we would just hope to get (1/4)20 5 inquiries right. In both of these models we see that E[ X ] n p. Two cases is not really enough to arrive at a resolution. In spite of the fact that instinct is a decent device to control us, it isn't sufficient to frame a scientific contention and to demonstrate that something is valid. How would we demonstrate authoritatively that the normal estimation of this dispersion is in reality np? From the meaning of expected worth and the likelihood mass capacity for the binomial circulation of n preliminaries of likelihood of achievement p, we can exhibit that our instinct matches with the products of numerical thoroughness. We should be to some degree cautious in our work and agile in our controls of the binomial coefficient that is given by the recipe for blends. We start by utilizing the recipe: E[ X ] ÃŽ £ x0n x C(n, x)px(1-p)n †x. Since each term of the summation is increased by x, the estimation of the term comparing to x 0 can't avoid being 0, thus we can really compose: E[ X ] ÃŽ £ x 1n x C(n , x) p x (1 †p) n †x . By controlling the factorials associated with the articulation for C(n, x) we can rework x C(n, x) n C(n †1, x †1). This is genuine in light of the fact that: x C(n, x) x n!/(x!(n †x)!) n!/((x †1)!(n †x)!) n(n †1)!/((x †1)!((n †1) †(x †1))!) n C(n †1, x †1). It follows that: E[ X ] ÃŽ £ x 1n n C(n †1, x †1) p x (1 †p) n †x . We factor out the n and one p from the above articulation: E[ X ] np ÃŽ £ x 1n C(n †1, x †1) p x †(1 †p) (n †1) - (x †1) . A difference in factors r x †1 gives us: E[ X ] np ÃŽ £ r 0n †1 C(n †1, r) p r (1 †p) (n †1) - r . By the binomial equation, (x y)k ÃŽ £ r 0 kC( k, r)xr yk †r the summation above can be changed: E[ X ] (np) (p (1 †p))n †1 np. The above contention has taken us far. From starting just with the meaning of expected worth and likelihood mass capacity for a binomial appropriation, we have demonstrated that what our instinct let us know. The normal estimation of the binomial dispersion B( n, p) is n p.

Discuss And Provide Evidence For How Attention Can Operate In

Discuss And Provide Evidence For How Attention Can Operate In Discuss And Provide Evidence For How Attention Can Operate In Different Frames Of â€" Essay Example > High level vision is a process that involves object recognition, selective attention, and visuomotor action, at the interface of perception and cognition. This article focuses mainly on the selective attention. This is a set of process that allows selection of some stimuli over others and the performance of multiple tasks in a coordinated manner. Visuospatial attention is the process that select visual stimuli based on their spatial location (Wu, 2007). Therefore, spatial attention refers to the most widely studied variety of attention in normal population and neurologic populations. Attentional process is used to protect an organism from information overload and is selective in that they allow some processes of some stimuli while disregarding others. Thus, attention can be referred to as the process that permits an organism to choose some environmental inputs over the others. The term “attention” appears in everyday language, but this initiative which folk psychology use does not provide facts on the definition of solid. Task defined attention does not explain the process that permit the selection to occur. For example, when an observer views two spatially adjacent letters, red and green, and asked to report the red letter (LoBosco City University of New York, 2006). Although this task requires the observer to pay maximum attention to the red letter, it does not eliminate the mechanism of attention, such as whether or not if they attended letter is facilitated relative to the unattended letter, whether or not the unattended letter is inhibited average to the attended letter or both. Li The University of Wisconsin- Madison (2008) assert that a process oriented definition of attention proposes how attention allows the red letter so that to be attended and reported and how the green light is unattended. For instance, the most well known process oriented definition of attention comes from Williams James, who defined attention as the process that involve s withdrawal from some things in order to deal effectively with others. According to James, attention restricts processing items over others and allows the attended item to become more salient. He relays on the process oriented definition of attention and consider mechanisms that allow observers to select one spatial location over other locations. Initially, understanding the operation of spatial attention in neurologically normal observers can help guide assessment in brain damage patients. Through knowing the process of spatial attention, disruption may be of much significance for developing assessment techniques or care giving strategies and rehabilitation. The whole process involves selecting a stimulus on the basis of its spatial location. The place occupied by the item is selected and then receives further cognitive processing (Li The University of Wisconsin- Madison, 2008). Visuospatial attention also intersects with much other attentional process. For instance, it can sele ct groups of items, based on how they adhere or grouped together. This form of selection has being referred as object formed selection. This spatial attention is closely associated with early processing, before stimulus identity is known. Attention is directed to a location in which visual space and an item is identified, through facilitating the perception or binding the features of that item. There are many varieties of attention and attentional selection. Attentional mechanisms operate earlier and others later in this framework.

The Non-Sacred Monster Antigone as a Self-Determined Tragic Hero - Literature Essay Samples

One of the key thematic threads running through the plays of The Oedipus Cycle is the debate regarding the primary importance between the laws of the gods over those of the State. For example, in both Oedipus Rex and Antigone, the eponymous characters are torn between serving the Theban body politique and heeding the moral imperatives inherent to the prophecies of Fate. In these two plays, judgment falls on the side of the gods, whose laws must trump those of manmade â€Å"statecraft† (The Oedipus Cycle, 204). For both Oedipus and Antigone, their tragic heroism, the way they prove themselves to be â€Å"better in degree† to their fellow man, derives from their ultimate sacrifice to honor the will of the gods and repair the State. However, within this dramatic framing, there are fundamental differences between father and daughter that show Antigone to be less the chosen â€Å"sacred monster† figure embodied by Oedipus, and rather a model of intelligence and reason who serves the common good. It is through her agency, through her moral choices, that she paradoxically fulfills the will of the gods and protects the communal good, while not being the mere, passive observer of their prophecies. Additionally, because her decisions dramatize the potential conflicting relationship between the laws of the gods over those of the State, Antigone demonstrates how tragedy and turmoil arise as a consequence of this discord. By again honoring her capacities for intelligence and reason, she offers the idea of â€Å"conscience† as a possible solution, as a way to incite change within the State and bring these two systems in commune with each other. Although the â€Å"heroic journeys† Oedipus and Antigone traverse lead them to similar ends, and are both guided by a common truth, their particular origins are significantly different. In Oedipus Rex, Oedipus denies at every turn the preeminence of Fate. For example, Teiresias is well-known in Theb es as an agent of the gods, as a â€Å"lord clairvoyant to the lord Apollo† (15), a (blind) â€Å"seer† able to speak on his behalf. Despite this consensus opinion, as reinforced by the Choragos, Oedipus is certain that the prophecies delivered by Teiresias are false. He questions their validity by disparagingly calling Teiresias a â€Å"decrepit fortune-teller,† â€Å"fraud,† and spouter of â€Å"mystic mummery† (21). He also questions the integrity of Teiresias’ character and purpose, accusing him of â€Å"infamy† (20) and of conspiring with Creon in a plot against the King. Refusing to concede to Teiresias’ announcement that he is the very â€Å"pollution† (19) causing the plague on Thebes, Oedipus insists on the sanctity of the State, as represented by his defense of his position as King. He maintains, for example, that he is the rightful protector of the city-state, his unique (riddle-solving) abilities having init ially saved the people from the curse of the Sphinx. It is not until the full details of his wretched back-story are revealed, not until he has conducted various inquiries that belie his fundamental doubt, that Oedipus is convinced of the supremacy and truth of the gods and the inevitability of his fate: â€Å"It was true! All the prophecies†¦I, Oedipus†¦damned in his birth, in his marriage, damned/Damned in the blood he shed with his own hand! (64) In this way, Oedipus represents a kind of â€Å"sacred monster†a virtuous King who has nonetheless committed a crime so vile, it has ruptured the natural order. He is a figure selected by the gods, then, to perform the divine/inhuman function of both restoring this disrupted balance and, through his own tragic end, teaching the preeminence of Fate. By contrast, Antigone supports the will of the gods (and protects the communal good) not because she is the subject of prophecy, nor as the coerced result of an unequivocal r evelation. Instead, she actively seeks out the will of the gods through her particular moral choices, through her intelligence and capacity for reason. Unlike her father, Antigone embraces the primacy of the gods, which is manifest in her moral imperatives, over the codes of the State from the onset of her dramatic installment. Although both plays are set within the context of a disturbed or unstable city-state (Thebes), the plague at the opening of Oedipus Rex is the result of a deep crime having been committed against naturethe murder of one’s own father and marriage (sexual consummation) with one’s motherwhile in Antigone, the inciting dilemma is one of cultural practice the burial of the deadand how its implicit ethical questions stage the greater, theoretical debate at the center of The Oedipus Cycle. In this play, Antigone’s brothers, Polyneices and Eteocles, have both been killed in the aftermath of war. However, because Polyneices committed two acts of treason, both breaking the terms of his exile and fighting against the side of Thebes, the newly-ascended King Creon has mandated the denial of his proper burial: Polyneices, I say, is to have no burial: no man is to touch him or say the least prayer for him†¦This is my command, and you can see the wisdom behind it. As long as I am King, no traitor is going to be honored. But, whoever shows†¦that he is on the side of the Statehe shall have my respect. (197) Creon here asserts the sound rationale of his decision, alluding to the clear â€Å"wisdom behind it,† and describing those that oppose or question his rules as â€Å"traitor(s)† who will not be tolerated (or â€Å"honored†). Therefore, as evidenced by this quote, Creon justifies the power, strength and legitimacy of his â€Å"command† by associating it with the good of the State. He aligns his decreeand himself as Kingwith serving the interest of the â€Å"public wel fare† (197). Antigone, however, supports another kind of mandate—one, in fact, that more accurately and profoundly attends to the needs of the communal good: the mandate of fundamental moral justice, as inherent to the decree of the gods. She disagrees with Creon’s self-proclaimed â€Å"wise† command, and considers it both her duty as sister and fellow human to give her beloved brother a true religious burial. She expresses her point of view in a kind of resolute tenacity that harkens slightly to Oedipus’ prideful denial (according to the Choragos, â€Å"Like father, like daughter†¦both headstrong† [209]). With her sister, for example, Antigone adopts a tone of determination that borders on the callous. When Ismene refuses to join, and thus support, Antigone’s decision to bury Polyneices, Antigone says: â€Å"Go away, Ismene:/I shall be hating you soon, and the dead will too,/For your words are hateful† (193). Similarly, s he criticizes her sister for siding so vehemently with the State. Ismene is convinced that she and Antigone are powerless against Creon’s rule, and advocates submission: â€Å"We are only women/We cannot fight with men†¦we must give in to the law† (191-192). In response, Antigone not only reinforces the strength of her conviction, but correlates the notion of the moral good with the wish of the gods: â€Å"You (Ismene) may do as you like/Since apparently the laws of the gods mean nothing/to you† (192). She reiterates this point when defending her actions, her violation of the â€Å"burial† mandate, before Creon. Antigone argues that Creon’s laws are weak because they are provisional, the product of a human temporariness, a â€Å"now† (208) which pales in comparison to the significance and legitimacy of the â€Å"immortal unrecorded laws of God†¦operative forever, beyond man utterly† (208). Therefore, she disobeys Creonâ€⠄¢s decree because she does not invest it with any sense of valid, lasting authority: â€Å"It was not God’s proclamation. That final Justice/That rules the world below makes no such laws† (208). Antigone, thus, does not come to recognize the supremacy of the gods inevitably, after the full disclosure or revelation of an individual destiny. Unlike Oedipus, her tragic heroism does not stem from her status as the passive subject of prophecy. Rather, her decision to abide the will of the gods, and her demise in death (a suicide by hanging, which itself demonstrates a kind of agency), are the results of self-guided choice informed by a system of values and a capacity for reason and intelligence. This important distinction is reflected, also, in the precise ways Oedipus and Antigone’s acceptance of the gods and tragic ends repair the State, offering a mere purification on one hand, and an actual reversal within the governing body on the other. Identified as the conta gion responsible for the plague upon Thebes, and fully convinced of his (unintentional) culpability, King Oedipus at once understands the necessary, healing goodness of his exile. Specifically, at the end Oedipus Rex, he demands of Creon, â€Å"Let me go†¦Let me purge my father’s Thebes of the pollution/Of my living here† (77). In this way, Oedipus represents the â€Å"scapegoat† of ancient religious ritual. A good and well-meaning King, he epitomizes the â€Å"best† of the community, a paragon of man, whose ultimate sacrifice would restore the disrupted order of the city-state. Therefore, by virtue of his simply fulfilling a prophecy, an act that was pre-ordained and thus completely outside his realms of choice, agency, and self-determination, Oedipus cleanses an afflicted Thebes. On the other hand, Antigone’s demise repairs the State through a more profound corrective change, further removing herself from the helpless, â€Å"sacred monsterà ¢â‚¬  figure embodied by her father, and reinforcing her â€Å"tragic heroic† figure as one shaped by the powers of human intelligence and reason. In comparison to Oedipus’ exile, Antigone’s punishment and eventual death serve the communal good by correcting the State, inciting a readjustment within the political establishment that is attributed not to the irresistible will of the gods (prophecy), but to the reasoned decisions of the citizens (that, if correct, will ultimately reflect the will of the gods). Specifically, in Antigone, Creon turns away from his original stance of privileging the sanctity of the State (and thus the authority of his own self) and toward recognizing the supremacy of the gods. As already mentioned, King Creon is an ardent defender of the laws of the State, sentencing Antigone to imprisonment within a cave as penalty for her refusal to obey these mandates. Throughout the play, he asserts his defense of the State against challenges fro m within. For example, his son Haimon, husband to Antigone, questions his father’s decision, and criticizes the King’s general narrow-mindedness, unequivocal nature and lack of humility/flexibility. He says to his father: â€Å"Yet there are other men/Who can reason, too: and their opinions might be helpful,/You are not in a position to know everything/That people say or do, or what they feel:/†¦everyone will tell you only what you want to hear† (218). Haimon would like his father to be more â€Å"changeable† (219), to allow himself to be â€Å"moved† and â€Å"learn from those who can teach† (219). However, Creon is firm in his choice, insisting that the â€Å"State is King† (221) and that all his will, automatically, protects the public interest. Ironically, however Creon also sometimes undermines the community for the sake of his individualism. For example, he asks his son, with some incredulity and disdain, whether the City c ould ever truly â€Å"propose to teach [him] how to rule?† (220) Therefore, he purports to celebrate the â€Å"public interest† while simultaneously, and contradictorily, championing his sole authority as King. Despite his firm standpoint, the resolute, self-important Creon does ultimately change his mind. He eventually believes Teiresias, whose prophecies of â€Å"calamity† (231) and doom he, like Oedipus, initially denies (in fact, he calls Teiresias a â€Å"doddering fortune-teller† (232), which recalls Oedipus’ earlier disparaging remark of â€Å"decrepit fortune-teller† [21]). He recants his sentence on Antigone, admitting that Teiresias’ words have â€Å"trouble[d him]† (235) and affirming that, indeed, â€Å"the laws of the gods are mighty, and a man must serve them† (236). However, he soon realizes that his reversal has come too late, for, upon opening the door of Antigone’s cave, he discovers her hanged (by her own hand) and his son Haimon also dead, having killed himself in response to her suicide. With the death, also, of his wife Eurydice, Creon cannot help but view this chain of familial murder and tragedy (which also resembles the downward trajectory of Oedipus’ family line) as proof, finally, of the preeminence of Fate over the mandates/control of the State. At the end of Antigone, much like the enlightened but dismal, wretched character of Oedipus at the beginning of his exile, Creon is ruefully aware of his own folly as King. He says to the Choragos, â€Å"Lead me away†¦I look for comfort; my comfort lies here dead./Whatever my hands have touched has come to/nothing/Fate has brought all my pride to a thought of dust† (245). Therefore, both the technical recall of Antigone’s sentence, and the sobering realization and change of attitude Creon experiences, evidence how Antigone’s demise induces a more forceful, powerful reparative effect within Thebes. As the product of her human choice, a matter of her own determination, Antigone’s death, rather than simply fulfill a â€Å"purification prophecy,† actively corrects a flaw within the State. This decision certainly further divorces Antigone from the passive, even hapless â€Å"sacred monster† figure symbolizing Oedipus’ tragic heroism. Additionally, however, by pointing to, and then readjusting, a flaw within the governing body, Antigone’s â€Å"change† highlights the clashing tension between the laws of the gods and those of the State. She illustrates the negative consequences that emerge from this dueling relationship, and suggests the idea of the citizens’’ â€Å"conscience† as a possible way of bridging or reconciling these two systems of laws. The very fact that Creon â€Å"turns,† that he moves from one end of the spectrum of personal opinion towards the other, testifies to the grave disparity and d isconnect existing between the moral imperatives of the gods and the political codes of the State. Throughout The Oedipus Cycle, tragedy results from primary characters trying to fight against one set of laws, embrace the other, and challenge non-believers (anarchists) within both camps. Is one â€Å"side† ultimately better, more correct than the other? According to first Ode of the Chorus in Antigone, the laws of the godsand thus the good of the wholemust be abided by above all else. However, this Ode does not reject, but rather exalts, the capabilities of man. According to the Chorus: O Clear intelligence, force beyond all measure! O fate of man, working both good and evil! When the laws are kept, how proudly his city stands! When the laws are broken, what of his city then? (204)Here, the Chorus is asserting that the gods’ laws cannot be conquered, but it is also praising man’s abilities and intelligence (as a â€Å"force beyond all measure†). T herefore, by representing the close relationship and benefit to both the will of the gods and the agency/reason of man, and yet also highlighting the potential for a toxic clash, the â€Å"Ode I† Chorus in particular, and Antigone in general, proves that the communal whole will only survive if the laws of the State and of the gods are made identical. Antigone’sor really the any citizen’sâ€Å"conscience,† a combination of reason, agency, and morality, is the source from which this harmonizing process can begin. By channeling the will of the gods through her adherence to a personal, rather than State-mandated, definition of justice, but also by not submitting to the pre-ordained design of the gods and maintaining her own choice instead, Antigone demonstrates how adherence to both the laws of the State and of the gods can yield a fruitful, complementary relationship. As long as he possesses an intimate sense of the moral good and respect for the power of th e gods, it is once man can make his own decisions that peace, prosperity, and preservation of the community will be ultimately realized. In conclusion, Antigone does not embody the â€Å"sacred monster† figure perpetuated by of her father. Although a tragic hero, and certainly an example of the â€Å"best† citizen a village might offer as sacrifice to the gods, Antigone does not manifest the passive qualities implicit to idea of the ritualistic â€Å"scapegoat.† She is not chosen by the gods to fulfill some divine function. Rather, she is a tragic hero for the fact that her decisions, her belief in the supremacy of Fate, and her eventual demise, are the products of willful self-determination. The Oedipus Cycle, then, seems to move away from the notion of the â€Å"sacred monster.† With Antigone, we encounter an image of the tragic hero as someone who serves the communal good by virtue of her reason, intelligence, and capacity to render a moral choice.

Essay on Memorable Day - 1584 Words

Memorable Day Drip, drop, drip, drop; it’s the sound of light rain on the window of my small, cramped hotel room in New York City. I pray that the sound will just drift away to nothingness and bring back the heavy sounds of the city. I wait patiently in the early morning darkness, which the rain has brought to my window waiting for some kind of sign of a hot New York day. Of all the days to rain, why did it have to be this day? The one full day I have to spend in New York and get to know the city. The plans of walking, sightseeing, and browsing the many stores have come to an end due to the loud sounds of big fat rain drops hitting the pavement. The rain, which only moments before was small with a promise of stopping soon, was now†¦show more content†¦I could hardly control my anticipation while we were standing in line to pay. After purchasing our tickets I was given a small pin as proof that yes, I was apart of the history that is protected by four strong cemented walls. J ust being in the museum is like being in a candy store with every tempting piece of history begging to be looked at and touched if permitted. I was eager to begin my quest as an explorer of new territory just waiting to put my claim on the exhibit that caught my attention the most. The first exhibit that started the day was the Ancient Egyptians. My husband and I entered a structure of an old Ancient Egyptian Pyramid. I can only imagine what it really would be like to actually have been apart Egyptian history. The wall of the pyramid had many different hieroglyphs in a language I wish I could read and understand. There are signs posted that give a translation of what is being said, but I would have preferred to be able to read it on my own. As we continued on our tour we entered room after room of writings, pictures and statues of Egyptian art. One of the great rooms we entered had a single Egyptian building on a small island of water. 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There was a buzz through the crowd, possibly because ourRead MoreMemorable Day In My Life Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesTODAY was my one and only thought as I sat through the usual boredom of math. From this event, I learned that one must be always responsible for his or her items. Otherwise, he or she might have to live through a day like mine, which would be remembered as one of the most memorable day ever in my life. I will always be responsible for my things, and always check to see if I have everything. â€Å"Make sure to brainstorm ideas for your essay by Monday,† Mrs.Jones, my language art teacher, said, â€Å"and pleaseRead MoreEssay about The Most Memorable Day of My Life1145 Words   |  5 PagesGisela Lopez Ms. S. Nylander English 1A Narrative August 26, 2012 The Most Memorable Day of my Life The most memorable day of my life was, September 4, 1995 in Chicago, IL. It was 6:00 a.m. when my alarm clock woke me up. The first day of high school was finally here. I was excited, but a lot more nervous. I got out of bed, got ready, and then was on my way to the bus stop. All I could think of is the stories I heard about high school being so horrible with all the mean teachers, the hard testsRead MorePersonal Narrative: The Most Memorable Day of my Life633 Words   |  2 PagesThe most memorable day of my life is the day I came to America from Sierra Leona. I remember that day just like it was yesterday. I was 13 years old when I first heard that I was coming to United States. One day I was in my room sitting down thinking about going to my best friend`s house for some girls talk with her when I heard my aunt calling my name saying that my daddy`s on the phone asking to talk to me. I was kind of surprised at first, because I always had the feeling that my dad had forgottenRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing1634 Words   |  7 PagesIt’s been two years, and yet if somebody asks me about that day, my voice will crack. By â€Å"that day,† I mean the day I came home from MacArthur Elementary School to find my Golden Retriever, Honey, splayed out on the asphalt near our driveway, her head bashed open, her body lifeless but still warm. It’s an image I can’t seem to shake, as much as I try. The day started out like any other weekday morning, hectic. My siblings scrambling to get ready, make their breakfast, being reminded to brush hairRead MoreI chose the movie clip entitled â€Å"King Kong†. It’s from the movie â€Å"Training Day† starring Denzel800 Words   |  4 PagesI chose the movie clip entitled â€Å"King Kong†. It’s from the movie â€Å"Training Day† starring Denzel Washington. Training Day is a movie that follows a corrupted detective’s day to day mischief as he schools a rookie cop. Training Day depicts a product of the matchup between screenwriter David Ayer, who grew up in South Central Los Angeles, and director Antoine Fuqua, who grew up on the rough side of Pittsburgh. Both Ayer and Fuqua are highly familiar with the highly intensified relationship between policeRead MoreA Quickie Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesTraining Day (King Kong Clip) ENG225: Introduction to Film (GSK1301D) Instructor: Helene Kiser 1/10/2013 Tenika Rodgers During the process of envisioning and designing a film, the director, production designer, and art director (in collaboration with the cinematographer) are concerned with several major spatial and temporal elements. These design elements punctuate and underscore the movement of figures within the frame, including the following: setting, lighting, costuming, makeupRead More Gallipoli - Australian Film Review Essay899 Words   |  4 Pagesgave before the start of the exercises in Cairo probably didn’t do much for respect towards the Egyptians. I thought that it was amusing to see the state rivalry during the football game, as it is so reflective of what still happens today in modern day Australia. Perhaps the most awful thing that I found about the movie was that the commanders knew that they were wasting so many young lives, but still decided to push on with the attacks, despite losing virtually all of those Anzacs. They wanted

Civil War Medicine - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1606 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? Before the Civil War started, the effectiveness of hospitals in America wasnt the best, but as the war waged on, they slowly got better and more efficient. Before the succession of South Carolina, its Medical Department consisted of 30 surgeons that were ranked major, a general surgeon that was ranked colonel, and 84 assistant surgeons ranked lieutenant and then promoted to be a surgeon. They were a part of the General Staff of the army, but they were not part of any regiment because they would work where ever they were needed. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Civil War Medicine" essay for you Create order In total they had 834 surgeons and 1,668 assistant surgeons. (Picketts Charge) In the North each regiment had a surgeon and an assistant surgeon that were commissioned by the state. They were permanently a part of a regiment and would only leave the regiment if a situation arose. The Union had 547 surgeons and assistant surgeons that volunteered and were appointed. (Picketts Charge) (MAKE A COMPLETE THOUGHT) (MAKE IT FLOW) When it comes to treating the injured soldiers there were field hospitals and field stations that were used as places to perform surgeries and treat wounds. A field hospital was for second level care that needed to be given to wounded soldiers. Field stations would be set up at the boarder of the battlefields before the battle would start. When a soldier was wounded, they would either be carried to a field hospital or they walked there. When they would get to the field station, they would be separated by the type of injury they had and how bad the injury was. If a soldiers injury was severe and needed immediate attention, they were treated at the field stations and those whose injury wasnt as severe were given pain killers and sent to a field hospital where they would receive treatment. At the field stations if a soldier was bleeding, they would pack the wound with lint that was scraped from either clothing or bedsheets. If there was an abdominal or chest wound the soldiers were given a pain reliefer and were sent to the field hospital. (Picketts Charge) Field hospitals suffered major losses due to the spread of disease. During this time, they didnt know about germ theory and there was no knowledge about the cause of disease. With that in mind, more soldiers died of diarrhea and dysentery than the men with battle wounds. At field hospitals the tools used for amputations werent properly cleaned after each use, in fact, they would just set the knife in a bowl of bloody water and when the next man was put on the table, they would pick the kn ife up from the bowl and use it again. They did not know the importance of hygiene and the use of sterile supplies yet, so this led to the spread of disease and cost thousands of lives. (Picketts Charge) (MAKE IT FLOW) With the lack of knowledge about germs and the cause of disease led to problems with doctors. Most doctors during the Civil War only went to medical school for two years, while a few did pursue more education. The majority of the surgeons in the Civil War had never treated a gunshot wound before the war and there were even some surgeons who had never performed a surgery prior to the war. (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine) With the lack of knowledge about medicine and treating different wounds it led to surgeons doing odd things to treat soldiers. For example, to treat pneumonia and bronchitis they would give the soldier opium or muster plasters and sometimes they would use bleeding to treat the disease. Surgeons liked to use whiskey and other alcohol to treat disease and wounds, although it offered some pain relief, it wasnt very effective. If a soldier got scurvy, they would prescribe green vegetables. (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine.) There were a lot of sol diers that died during the Civil War and a lot of the deaths could have been avoided if we had cleaner medical practices. The two most common causes of death were disease and battlefield injuries. (Reilly) Due to the lack of sanitation in camps and the neglect of hygiene through the hospitals and through the camps the soldiers stayed in, disease spread quickly. In the camps they stayed in, pneumonia, typhoid, and dysentery claimed the most lives. It didnt help that there was a lack of proper clothing and shoes for the soldiers and the food they were given wasnt the best. (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine.) Since most doctors and surgeons had limited knowledge, they did things a lot different than most surgeons and doctors would do today. During surgeries the surgeons would use their fingers as probes and dig around in the body cavity to locate things. (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine) In addition, they would use bloody knifes that would be used so much that they needed to be sharpened multiple times throughout the day as scalpels. (Picketts Charge) Another reason that a lot of soldiers died would be due to the supply difference in the Confederate Army and in the Union Army. Since most of the vital medicines were produced and manufactured in the North, the southerners had to find a way to get around the blockade and get access to these medicines. These medicines were smuggled into the Confederate territory by women in the North who sympathized with the Confederacy. They would do this by sewing the medicine onto the petticoats and get it to the South. Most of the Confederates medical supplies were from Union stores that they had captured, but the South mainly used herbal remedies for treating soldiers. (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine.). When treating soldiers, they would send them to hospitals for further treatment. The early hospitals in the Civil War would be in houses, churches, and schools. (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine.) These early hospitals were heavily crowded and there wasnt a set system for them. (Civil War Medicine) There were regimental hospitals that were in regimental training camps. They were small and it was where the assistant surgeon and surgeon of that regiment would care for the wounded or sick soldiers. They were intended for men only from that regiment and they would constantly turn people away. (Picketts Charge ) In addition to the regimental hospitals there were general hospitals. General hospitals were pavilion-like hospitals that had patients beds in the center of the building and the support services on the edge. They were typically two stories and they only used the bottom story to keep the wounded and sick. The second story had large windows that allowed the bad air to get out. Bad air was a belief in medicine at the time that fumes radiating from swamps and the Earth caused disease, which was later proven wrong. ( Picketts Charge) One of the biggest advancements in medicine during this time was the use of anesthesia. With anesthesia being used in 95% of all surgeries performed in the Civil War it became very popular. (Anesthesia in the Civil War) The most common anesthetic was chloroform it was used by it being applied to a cloth or a sponge that was on top of a cone and the open side was put over the mouth and nose of the soldier. They would gradually give it to avoid shock and the cone was removed after nine minutes or when the soldier was unconscious. They would only use enough so that the patient couldnt feel any pain, but during surgery the men would move and moan because of the light dosage. Due to the fact that they were given a low dosage of anesthesia the surgeons had to work quickly so then the men wouldnt wake up during the surgery and be in an overwhelming amount of pain. (Anesthesia in the Civil War) The use of anesthesia would carry on to today. With the use of anesthesia, it allowed them to pref orm many amputations on soldiers throughout the course of the war. Since there were new forms of technology used in the war it led to more intense injuries. The minie ball did the most damage out of them all with it dragging skin and pieces of clothing into the wound and shattering two or three inches of bone it caused great and lethal damage to a soldier and one of the only fast and efficient ways to save them was to amputate. But some of the inexperienced surgeons were very eager to perform an amputation so they could improve their skill and this was part of why three quarters of all surgeries performed were amputations. (Maimed Men Life and Limb: The Toll of the American Civil War) Due to the fact that a lot of men didnt have limbs they created artificial limbs. The industry of creating them grew so then they could accommodate the veteran population in America. For Union veterans in 1862 an artificial leg costed $75 and an artificial arm costed $50. In 1862 the Confederacy provide financial support for the cost of these artificial limbs. Most of the time the cost of the artificial limbs covered the expense of traveling to a showroom so it could be fitted. (Maimed Men Life and Limb: The Toll of the American Civil War) Since so many men were handicap from the war the federal government established the Invalid Corps program in 1863. The Invalid Corps program employed veterans that were disabled in the war and gave them jobs in war-relate work. They would divide them into two regiments based on how bad their injury was.

Wide Sargasso Sea By Jean Rhys - 1604 Words

â€Å"Wide Sargasso Sea†, a novel by Jean Rhys, grants a voice to the other side of the story, the side that people believe to be madness. Generally, what the majority agrees upon is considered the truth. Hence, people who disagree or offer another opinion are instantly labeled as mad and end up secluded from society. Antoinette Mason Cosway, the protagonist of Wide Sargasso Sea, is considered a mad woman. Her absurd actions and thoughts are what leads to her demise. However, this novel casts a light on the insanity of its characters; madness is not so insane once we are able to fathom how it came to be; on the other hand, what ends up being madness is what we blindly believe to be the truth. Madness is a repeated theme in the novel†¦show more content†¦Antoinette s days were never calm and trouble free. She was hated by the outside world but she was also ignored and neglected from her family. Antoinette never had a place to rest and someone to trust or depend on. She had experienced rejection at a very young age from the person she cared about most, her mother. This incident lingered with her till she was a grown married woman. Indicating that Antoinette s deep wounds never healed, instead, they only grew deeper and stronger. This drove Antoinette to fall into a routine of asking herself who she is, where she belongs and if she ever mattered to anyone at all. As a result, Antoinette gave up on receiving tenderness from those around her and resorted to claiming that nature was better than people. She was raised by black people, yet she never considered herself black. However, she says, â€Å"We stared at each other, blood on my face, tears on hers. It was as if I saw myself. Like in a looking-glass. (I.1.8.29)† Antoinette conveys her feelings of wanting to be a black woman like Tia, her only friend. She says this quote while her house was burning because of angry former slaves that felt profound contempt towards her family. When Antionet te saw Tia that day, the feelings of envy and bitterness rose to the surface. While Antoinette was rejected by everyone around her, Tia belonged to a community that fully accepted her for who she is.Show MoreRelatedWide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys731 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"write [her] name in fire red† (53) by the end of the novel. Throughout Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys magnifies the themes of madness and power by analyzing Rochester’s and Antoinette’s interactions with one another to ultimately teach a lesson that can be interpreted in many different ways. Their downfalls are created by the catastrophic conflicts with each other and the environment around them. It becomes more clear what Jean Rhys intends; she relates the text to present-day social issues that a readerRead MoreWide Sargasso Sea By Jean Rhys1400 Words   |  6 Pages Wide Sargasso Sea is a novel written by Jean Rhys, discussing the life of Antoinette Cosway. Antoinette and her family are Creole and they live on a sugar plantation in Jamaica. Due to Antoinette’s Creole background, she and her family face a lot of problems and discrimination during their lives. However, when Antoinette grew older she had one friend named Tia. They played and talked together despite their obvious differences. On the night that Coulibri is set on fire, Antoinette flees with herRead MoreJean Rhys s Wide Sargasso Sea1708 Words   |  7 Pages Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea attempts to prove just how closely intertwined dreams and reality are. Rhys meticulously weaves dreams into real life, ultimately creating a novel that conjures a very ethereal truth. Trying to draw the line between what is real and what is fake is nearly impossible and, by the end of the novel, the reader is left in a state of lucid uncertainty. Rhys’s clever use of slumber in Wide Sargasso Sea reveals an enhanced sense of character progression, the inevitabilityRead MoreJean Rhys s Wide Sargasso Sea1226 Words   |  5 PagesJean Rhys, born in 1890 on the Island of Dominica to a Welsh father and a creole (West Indian) mother experienced the difficulty of integrating into British culture due to her Caribbean origin struggling to create an identity for herself. In her novel ‘Wide Sargasso Sea’ (1996) Rhys depicts how she was deeply influenced by this creole heritage, exploring the struggle of finding ones place and identity in relations to race. She contrasts the European discourse with the creole discourse, focusingRead MoreJean Rhys s Wide Sargasso Sea Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesIn Jean Rhys’s novel Wide Sargasso Sea, Edward Rochester can be considered as an embodiment of patriarchal and colonial oppression. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, patriarchal means, â€Å"relating to, characteristic of, or designating a society or culture in which men tend to be in positions of authority and cultural values and norms are seen as favouring men†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"Patriarchal†) moreover colonial means â€Å"of, belonging to, or relating to a colony†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"Colonial†). In addition, oppression meansRead MoreBook Review: Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea543 Words   |  2 PagesIdeas like slavery and post-colonial aftermath on former British colonies are dominant ideas in Jean Rhys 1966 novel Wide Sargasso Sea. The writer focused on providing a realistic display con cerning feelings in former British colonies as individuals struggle to reclaim their cultural identity in environments destroyed as a consequence of oppression occurring during British influence. The first part of the novel focuses extensively on people who were formerly slaves working on plantations ownedRead MoreEssay on The Tragedy of Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea1057 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Wide Sargasso Sea  Ã‚   In Jean Rhys novel Wide Sargasso Sea, whether Antoinette Cosway really goes mad in the end is debatable. Nevertheless, it is clear that her life is tragic. The tragedy comes from her numerous pursuits for love and a sense of belonging, and her failure at each and every one of these attempts. As a child Antoinette, is deprived of parental love. Her father is a drunkard and has many mistresses and illegitimate children. According to Daniel Cosways accountRead More Themes in Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys Essay examples792 Words   |  4 PagesThemes in Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys The main themes in Wide Sargasso Sea are slavery and entrapment, the complexity of racial identity and womanhood or feminism. In all of these themes the main character who projects them are Antoinette and Christophine. The theme slavery and entrapment is based on the ex- slaves who worked on the sugar plantations of wealthy Creoles figure prominently in Part One of the novel, which is set in the West Indies in the early nineteenth century. AlthoughRead More The Importance of Truth in Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea Essay1225 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Truth in Wide Sargasso Sea In Wide Sargasso Sea Rhys presents a white Creole family living in a Caribbean Island (Jamaica), which is a lush and insecure world for them, after the liberation of the slaves. The husband had once been a slaveholder, the mother is a confused and crazy lady and Antoinette, the daughter, is a child in an atmosphere of fear, recrimination and bitter anger. She becomes increasingly isolated-this isolation is broken by her scheming stepbrother, whoRead MoreReview of Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys830 Words   |  3 Pages I would say that doomed would be the correct adjective to use. Antoinette did not stand a chance at a happy marriage with Rochester. There are lots of different things that happen to undermine the success of their marriage. To begin with their marriage is based on money. The only reason that Rochester is marrying Antoinette was due to the large dowry placed on her by Mr Mason. A marriage without love will never work but all Antoinette wanted was to be loved as her mother had not loved her. Mr Rochester

Burberry Case Study Essay - 2361 Words

(TASK: Develop a Marketing Communications plan in relation to a marketing problem / oppertunity that you identify.) Reinventing Negative Brand Image : Burberry Title Page Number Executive Summary........................................................................ Context Analysis............................................................................. History and Overview.................................................... SWOT Analysis............................................................ PEST Analysis.............................................................. Burberry and Self Completion.......................................... Promotional†¦show more content†¦* The brand has a large range of products; including fashion, fragrance and beauty products. * Burberry is in a good financial position to produce any marketing campaign that is necessary. | WEAKNESSES * The brand has gained a bad reputation in past years which will be difficult to recover from. * Burberry produces controversial items, such as fur and snakeskin, which could increase their bad reputation. * Products are expensive, and therefore Burberry has a very small and specific target market, and less room for expansion. | OPPORTUNITIES * Other competitors have previously recovered from similar situations (such as Hackett, which at one point was synonymous with football hooligans) to become successful again. * Competitors, including Chanel, Dolce and Gabbana and Gucci have also, in recent years, become regarded as chavvy, taking away some of Burberryâ€℠¢s competition. * There are always opportunities for Burberry, as such a large company to expand more, both internationally and in the UK. | THREATS * The production of fake Burberry products, although illegal, is prominent overseas, and still exists as a threat to the brand. * Other luxury brands that do not have a bad image, compete directly with Burberry. * Within the suffering economy, luxury brands are not at the top of mind for consumers. | PEST Analysis A pest analysis shows us the political,Show MoreRelatedBurberry Case Study1682 Words   |  7 PagesStep: 1 Comprehend case situation Burberry is a famous British originated fashion and luxury company that launched its first product in 1900. It had been a well-established luxury brand for wealthy middle-class people for several decades until 1980 when the company started making losses because of its old-fashioned products. To avoid further losses, its CEO Rosemary Bravo revamp it with modern feel and soon its popularity grew among hip-hop artists and football fans. This Burberry strategy to embraceRead MoreBurberry Case Study5105 Words   |  21 Pages1.0 OVERVIEW OF THE CASE Overall, this case illustrates how the former Burberry Chief Executive Director (CEO), Rose Marie Bravo who stepped in as CEO in 1997, has succeeded in revitalising and revamping the company to become more successful in term of profitability and marketability. This case was took place in year 2003 whereby Ms. Bravo had successfully turned around a fading company to a rejuvenated highly profitable company and had gained their competitive advantage in luxury brand afterRead MoreBurberry a Case Study2292 Words   |  10 PagesYour Business Assignment – Critical Evaluation of Burberry LTD Focussed on Human Resources, Information Management and Knowledge Management. Amy Lawrence 601635 BSc. Business Communications Tutors: Mike Swain and Gwenda Mynott Contents Introduction 2 Burberry Limited 2 Human Resource Management 3 Information Management 3 Knowledge Management 4 Conclusion 5 Bibliography 6 Introduction Considering the impact of Burberrys closure of its Wales plant at Treorchy, Rhondda,Read MoreBurberry Case Study1896 Words   |  8 PagesBURBERRY Introduction Rose Marie Bravo, CEO for Burberry from 1997 until now (2003). Changed company from â€Å"heavily reliant on licensing and distribution †(1997) to â€Å"leading luxury brand†(2003) Revenue increase:  £225 million in 2000 almost  £600 million in 2003. She has been able to successfully steer the company through an initial public offering of 22.5% in 2002. History: Founded in 1856 by 21 year old Thomas Burberry, who opened a draper’s shop and soon invented gabardine, a waterproof andRead MoreBurberry Case Study1906 Words   |  8 PagesBURBERRY Introduction Rose Marie Bravo, CEO for Burberry from 1997 until now (2003). Changed company from â€Å"heavily reliant on licensing and distribution †(1997) to â€Å"leading luxury brand†(2003) Revenue increase:  £225 million in 2000 almost  £600 million in 2003. She has been able to successfully steer the company through an initial public offering of 22.5% in 2002. History: Founded in 1856 by 21 year old Thomas Burberry, who opened a draper’s shop and soon invented gabardine, a waterproof and breathableRead MoreMarketing: Burberry Target Audience931 Words   |  4 PagesBurberry target audience is designed for both sexes however it is dominated by the female target audience who have a high disposable income. The brand has their own childrenswear range which can appeal to parents but are likely to be people from wealthy backgrounds. Burberry is famous for appealing to celebrities who purchase coats and dresses which have a high end appeal. Burberry focuses more on customer value in order to attract and retain costumers. With the aim to achieve this by producing aRead MoreThe Emerging Trends Of Personalisation1429 Words   |  6 Pagesreach up to a price level of 450 GBP) at Burberry. The interviews should provide a deeper insight into how product personalisation engages costumers. (Bryman and Bell, 2011) The customers who have been sel ected will form a case study on Burberry, as Burberry is a representative example of how a luxury brand successfully integrates entry-level product lines and offers personalisation to engage customers who according to Mintel (2014) „cannot afford Burberry clothing, but still want to buy in to theRead MoreBurberry Strategy2479 Words   |  10 Pagesdesigner label, Burberry GRP. In particular, the research will focus on the Strategic Business Unit of Burberry; understanding and explaining how they utilize the resources and competencies to achieve a competitive advantage. In order to do this, this paper will address on theory based from work in the areas of the ‘Resource-Based View’ and ‘Resources and Capabilities’ as well as using theoretical frameworks to give a holistic view of the strategic issues Burberry. After their reform, Burberry recoveredRead Moreoverview of a Luxury Fashion Brand2482 Words   |  10 Pagesat one Burberry as a luxury brand that has been successful despite the challenges that have existed in the fashion market. In this paper an overview of Burberry is given based on its success in the industry. The brand has been outstanding and is defined by the Britishness, independent luxury positioning and heritage as well as history. Compared to other brands in the fashion industry such as Prada, Zara and Ralph Lauren, the brand has been doing fairly well. Brand’s Brief History Burberry is a distinctiveRead MoreBurberry Analysis5176 Words   |  21 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 18 6.1 Source of references †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 19 Problem statement. 1.1 How Is Burberry Structural build up and how do they work whit their external environment. Explanation of what structural changes Burberry did, to turn the company in to the success it is today. Analyze the process of the finding the core products that Burberry have chosen. How they have targeted a new segment of the market, true marketing and branding. History/ Background. 2

Comparison Between Directed and Reported Speech Free Essays

DIRECT SPEECH VS. REPORTED SPEECH There are two ways to report what someone says or thinks; 1. Direct speech shows a person’s exact words. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison Between Directed and Reported Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now Quotation marks (â€Å". . . †) are a sign that the words are the same words that a person used. For example: Madison: What do you want to eat for lunch? Jason: I think I will have hamburger. Direct speech: Maria asked, â€Å"What do you want to eat for lunch? † Jason replied, â€Å"I think I will have hamburger. † 2. Reported speech (Indirect speech) puts the speaker’s words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Noun clauses are usually used. For example: Madison: What do you want to eat for lunch? Jason: I think I will have hamburger. Reported speech: Madison asked Jason What he wanted for lunch. Jason said that he was thinking of having hamburger for lunch. COMPASRISON BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH 1. 0 VERB TENSE IN REPORTED SPEECH DIRECT SPEECH| REPORTED SPEECH| simple present past present perfect will can | simple past past perfectpast perfect wouldcould| Quotation Reported speech â€Å"I am hungry. † She stated that she was hungry. â€Å"The exam will be next week. † Dr. Jones said the exam will be next week 2. QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH a. Word order: The word order in a reported question is the same as in a statement. The subject comes before the verb. b. Punctuation: If the sentence is a statement, it end with a period (. ) even if it contains a reported question. c. To change a yes/no question to a noun clause in reported speech, introduce the noun clause with if or whether. Whether or not m ay also be used. d. To change an information question to a noun clause in reported speech, begin the noun clause with the question word, DIRECT SPEECH| REPORTED SPEECH| * Question: Are you ready? Statement: I am ready. * â€Å"Did you turn off the coffee pot? † * â€Å"Is supper ready? † * â€Å"Where do they live? † * â€Å"When did you call? † | * She wanted to know if I was ready. * I asked Amy if she had turned off the coffee. * Eli wanted to know whether supper was ready. * Abdul wanted to know where they live. * Sharon asked me when I had called. | 3. 0 PRONOUNS Since the person who is reporting what someone said is usually different from the person who made the original statement, pronouns in reported speech often change. DIRECT SPEECH| REPORTED SPEECH| * â€Å"I am hungry. † * â€Å"Where will you be? † | * George said he was hungry. * Bill wanted to know where I would be. | 4. 0 PLACE AND TIME Changes in place and time words depend on changes in the situation between direct and reported speech. DIRECT SPEECH| REPORTED SPEECH| * â€Å"I don’t like this book. † * â€Å"I’ll see you tomorrow. † (spoken on Thursday) | * Jaime said he didn’t like that book. * Michiko said she would see me today. (spoken on Friday) Michiko said she would see me yesterday. (spoken on Saturday)| 5. 0 INFINITIVES . Infinitives (to + the simple form of the verb) may sometimes be used instead of noun clauses. b. Commands can be reported two ways: 1. a noun clause with a modal (usually should) 2. an infinitive c. Requests for action or permission can be reported two ways: 1. a noun clause with if 2. an infinitive DIRECT SPEECH| REPORTED SPEECH| * â€Å"Call me when you get home. † * Action: â€Å"Will you carry the box for me? † * Permission: â€Å"Can I make an appointment? † | * -She said that we should call her when we get home. -She said to call her when we get home. -She asked me if I would carry the box for her. * -She asked me to carry the box for her. * -The student asked if he could make an appointment. -The student asked to make an appointment. | 6. 0 RECOMMEND AND SUGGEST The subjunctive, or base, form of the verb (no tense, without to) is used in reported speech when the main verb is recommend or suggest. DIRECT SPEECH| REPORTED SPEECH| * â€Å"You should arrive early. † * â€Å"Don’t wait to apply. † | * Jason recommended that we arrive early. * Anna recommended that I not wait to apply. | How to cite Comparison Between Directed and Reported Speech, Essay examples